characteristics of poverty in less developed countries?

1. Lack of access to basic necessities: People living in poverty in less developed countries often lack access to basic necessities such as clean water, nutritious food, adequate housing, and healthcare.

2. Limited education and employment opportunities: Poverty in less developed countries is often perpetuated by limited access to education and employment opportunities. This can lead to a cycle of poverty where individuals are unable to improve their economic situation.

3. High levels of inequality: Poverty in less developed countries is often exacerbated by high levels of inequality, with a small percentage of the population holding a disproportionate amount of wealth and resources.

4. Vulnerability to natural disasters and climate change: People living in poverty in less developed countries are often more vulnerable to the impacts of natural disasters and climate change, as they may lack the resources to prepare for or recover from these events.

5. Lack of social safety nets: Many less developed countries lack adequate social safety nets to support those living in poverty, leaving them vulnerable to economic shocks and crises.

6. Limited access to healthcare: People living in poverty in less developed countries often have limited access to healthcare services, leading to higher rates of preventable diseases and mortality.

7. Political instability and conflict: Poverty in less developed countries is often exacerbated by political instability and conflict, which can disrupt economic development and exacerbate social inequalities.

8. Lack of infrastructure: Many less developed countries lack basic infrastructure such as roads, electricity, and sanitation, which can further hinder economic development and perpetuate poverty.

Characteristics of Poverty in Less Developed Countries (LDCs)

1. Multidimensionality:
- Poverty extends beyond income deprivation and encompasses aspects such as health, education, sanitation, nutrition, and access to basic services.
- Individuals and households often experience multiple deprivations simultaneously.

2. Widespread and Persistent:
- A significant proportion of the population in LDCs lives in poverty, often for extended periods.
- Poverty is deeply entrenched and difficult to escape due to structural barriers and vulnerabilities.

3. Income Poverty:
- Measured as the proportion of people whose income falls below a poverty line (e.g., $1.90 per day).
- Typically high in LDCs, with a large population earning below the subsistence level.

4. Food Insecurity:
- Chronic lack of access to sufficient and nutritious food.
- Malnutrition and stunting are prevalent, with severe consequences for health and development.

5. Poor Health:
- High rates of infectious diseases, lack of access to healthcare, and low life expectancy.
- Poverty exacerbates health conditions and limits access to treatment.

6. Inadequate Education:
- Limited access to quality education, high dropout rates, and low literacy levels.
- Education is crucial for escaping poverty but often unattainable for the poor.

7. Lack of Infrastructure:
- Poor housing, inadequate sanitation, lack of clean water, and limited access to roads and electricity.
- Infrastructure deficiencies create health hazards, impede economic activity, and perpetuate poverty.

8. Inequality:
- Poverty often intersects with other forms of inequality, such as gender, caste, or ethnic discrimination.
- Unequal distribution of resources and opportunities exacerbates poverty and social exclusion.

9. Vulnerability:
- Poor households are more susceptible to shocks and crises, such as natural disasters, economic downturns, or health emergencies.
- Vulnerability perpetuates poverty and makes it difficult to build resilience.

10. Gender Disparities:
- Women and girls disproportionately experience poverty due to systemic discrimination, lack of access to education and employment, and unpaid care responsibilities.