Critically examine the pitfall of national consciousness',in Franz fanon's the wretched of the earth, and relate it to the Nigerian situation in the past and present dispensation?

In Franz Fanon's "The Wretched of the Earth," he explores the concept of national consciousness and its potential pitfalls. Fanon argues that while national consciousness is crucial for decolonization and liberation from colonial powers, it can also lead to the creation of a new oppressive elite and perpetuate divisions within society. This analysis can be related to the Nigerian situation in both the past and present dispensation.

During Nigeria's colonial era, the struggle for national consciousness was a significant factor in the fight for independence. Nigerian nationalists, such as Nnamdi Azikiwe and Obafemi Awolowo, advocated for a united Nigeria and the end of British rule. However, after independence in 1960, the newly formed Nigerian elite, primarily from the dominant ethnic groups, began to consolidate power and marginalize other ethnic groups. This led to a sense of exclusion and resentment among minority groups, which eventually culminated in the Nigerian Civil War from 1967 to 1970.

In the present dispensation, Nigeria continues to grapple with the pitfalls of national consciousness. The country is ethnically diverse, with over 250 ethnic groups, and this diversity has often been a source of tension and conflict. The struggle for power and resources has led to the perpetuation of ethnic divisions and the marginalization of certain groups. The Nigerian elite, largely from the dominant ethnic groups, have often used their positions to consolidate power and exclude others, leading to feelings of alienation and discontent.

Furthermore, the concept of national consciousness has been manipulated by political leaders for their own gain. Ethnic and religious identities have been exploited to mobilize support and maintain power, often at the expense of national unity. This has resulted in a fragmented society, where ethnic and religious tensions are prevalent, and the sense of a shared national identity is weakened.

In conclusion, the pitfalls of national consciousness, as discussed by Fanon, can be observed in the Nigerian situation. The struggle for national consciousness during the colonial era led to the creation of a new oppressive elite and the marginalization of minority groups. In the present dispensation, the manipulation of national consciousness by political leaders has perpetuated ethnic and religious divisions, undermining national unity. To address these challenges, Nigeria needs to foster a sense of inclusivity and shared identity that transcends ethnic and religious differences.