Discuss the axial skeleton its parts and functions?

The axial skeleton is the central core of the human body and is made up of 80 bones. It includes the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum.

1. Skull: The skull is made up of 22 bones, including the cranium and the facial bones. The cranium protects the brain, while the facial bones provide structure and support for the face.

2. Vertebral column: The vertebral column, also known as the spine, is made up of 33 vertebrae divided into five regions: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal. The vertebral column provides support for the body, protects the spinal cord, and allows for movement.

3. Ribs: There are 12 pairs of ribs that form the rib cage, which protects the heart, lungs, and other vital organs. The ribs also help with breathing by expanding and contracting to allow for the intake and expulsion of air.

4. Sternum: The sternum, also known as the breastbone, is a flat bone located in the center of the chest. It provides protection for the heart and lungs and serves as an attachment point for the ribs.

The functions of the axial skeleton include:

1. Support: The axial skeleton provides support for the body and helps maintain its upright posture.

2. Protection: The skull protects the brain, while the rib cage protects the heart, lungs, and other vital organs.

3. Movement: The vertebral column allows for movement of the body and provides flexibility.

4. Blood cell production: The axial skeleton contains red bone marrow, which is responsible for producing red and white blood cells and platelets.

Overall, the axial skeleton plays a crucial role in supporting and protecting the body's vital organs and allowing for movement and flexibility.