Explain six factors for the discrepancy between English orthography and pronuciation?

1. Historical changes: English orthography has not kept pace with changes in pronunciation over time. Many words have retained their original spelling even though the pronunciation has evolved.

2. Borrowed words: English has borrowed words from many different languages, each with its own unique spelling and pronunciation rules. This can lead to discrepancies between the spelling and pronunciation of borrowed words.

3. Regional accents: English is spoken in many different regions around the world, each with its own unique accent and pronunciation. This can lead to discrepancies between the spelling and pronunciation of words depending on the region in which they are spoken.

4. Silent letters: English contains many silent letters, which are letters that are included in the spelling of a word but not pronounced. This can lead to discrepancies between the spelling and pronunciation of words.

5. Vowel sounds: English has a complex system of vowel sounds that can be pronounced in different ways depending on the word and the context. This can lead to discrepancies between the spelling and pronunciation of words containing vowel sounds.

6. Irregularities: English has many irregularities in its spelling and pronunciation rules, which can lead to discrepancies between the two. For example, the word "colonel" is pronounced "kernel" and the word "through" is pronounced "thru."