What are some different councils in the history of Christianity,and their meaning in a very very simplify language??

1. Council of Nicaea (325 AD) - Established the Nicene Creed, affirming the divinity of Jesus Christ.
2. Council of Ephesus (431 AD) - Declared Mary as the Mother of God.
3. Council of Chalcedon (451 AD) - Defined the nature of Jesus as both fully human and fully divine.
4. Council of Trent (1545-1563) - Addressed the Protestant Reformation and reaffirmed Catholic teachings.
5. First Vatican Council (1869-1870) - Defined papal infallibility and the role of the pope in the Church.
6. Second Vatican Council (1962-1965) - Modernized and reformed various aspects of Catholic Church practices.

Council of Nicaea (325 AD)

- Purpose: To settle the Arian controversy (whether Jesus was equal to God the Father).
- Outcome: Affirmed the Nicene Creed, declaring Jesus to be "of the same substance" as God.

Council of Ephesus (431 AD)

- Purpose: To address the Nestorian controversy (whether Jesus was two distinct persons, one divine and one human).
- Outcome: Condemned Nestorianism and affirmed the unity of Jesus's person.

Council of Chalcedon (451 AD)

- Purpose: To address the Monophysite controversy (whether Jesus has only one nature, divine or human).
- Outcome: Defined the two natures of Jesus, human and divine, as "united without change."

Council of Trent (1545-1563)

- Purpose: To respond to the Protestant Reformation.
- Outcome: Reaffirmed Catholic doctrine on sacraments, justification, and other issues.

First Vatican Council (1869-1870)

- Purpose: To define the nature of papal authority.
- Outcome: Declared the pope to be infallible when speaking on matters of faith and morals.

Second Vatican Council (1962-1965)

- Purpose: To modernize the Catholic Church.
- Outcome: Introduced major changes in liturgy, ecumenical relations, and social justice teachings.