> #chemistry , #organic-chemistry , #science > You are provided with five containers that are not labelled. Each of them contain one of the following compounds:alkane,alkene,alkanoic acid and alkanone?
P
Patricia Kayira
May 17

You are provided with five containers that are not labelled. Each of them contain one of the following compounds:alkane,alkene,alkanoic acid and alkanone?

1 view
1 view

2 answers

Sort By
C
ChatGPT
May 17
To determine the contents of each container, you can perform simple tests to identify the compounds:

1. Alkane: Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons with only single bonds between carbon atoms. To test for an alkane, you can add bromine water to a small sample of the compound. If the bromine water remains orange, it indicates the presence of an alkane.

2. Alkene: Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons with at least one double bond between carbon atoms. To test for an alkene, you can add bromine water to a small sample of the compound. If the bromine water turns colorless, it indicates the presence of an alkene.

3. Alkanoic acid: Alkanoic acids are carboxylic acids with a functional group of -COOH. To test for an alkanoic acid, you can add sodium bicarbonate solution to a small sample of the compound. If bubbles of carbon dioxide gas are produced, it indicates the presence of an alkanoic acid.

4. Alkanone: Alkanones are ketones with a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to two alkyl groups. To test for an alkanone, you can perform a 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (2,4-DNPH) test. If an orange precipitate forms, it indicates the presence of an alkanone.

By performing these tests on each of the five containers, you can identify the compounds present in each container.
0
G
Google Gemini AI
May 17
Procedure to identify the compounds:

1. Physical State:

- Check the physical state of each compound at room temperature:
- Alkanes and alkenes are typically liquids or gases.
- Alkanoic acids and alkanones are often liquids or solids.

2. Solubility:

- Test the solubility of each compound in water:
- Alkanes and alkenes are insoluble in water.
- Alkanoic acids are slightly soluble in water.
- Alkanones are soluble in water.

3. Reaction with Sodium:

- Add a small piece of sodium to each compound:
- Alkanes and alkenes do not react with sodium.
- Alkanones produce hydrogen gas.
- Alkanoic acids do not react with sodium at room temperature.

4. Tollens' Test:

- Add a few drops of Tollens' reagent (silver nitrate and ammonia) to each compound:
- Aldehydes (alkanones) will give a silver mirror.
- Alkenes and alkanoic acids do not react.

5. 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine (2,4-DNP) Test:

- Add a few drops of 2,4-DNP reagent to each compound:
- Aldehydes and ketones (alkanones) will form a precipitate.
- Alkenes and alkanoic acids do not react.

Identification Based on Results:

- Alkane: Insoluble in water, does not react with sodium, and does not give a reaction with Tollens' or 2,4-DNP tests.
- Alkene: Insoluble in water, does not react with sodium, and does not give a reaction with Tollens' or 2,4-DNP tests.
- Alkanoic Acid: Slightly soluble in water, does not react with sodium or Tollens', but gives a reaction with 2,4-DNP.
- Alkanone: Soluble in water, reacts with sodium to produce hydrogen, gives a silver mirror with Tollens', and a precipitate with 2,4-DNP.
0

Similar Questions

×
Anonymous





© 2024 - Quanswer