Identify the key molecules and organelles of photosynthesis and cellular respiration processes?

Key molecules and organelles of photosynthesis:
1. Chlorophyll: a pigment molecule that absorbs light energy in the process of photosynthesis
2. Carbon dioxide: a molecule that is taken in by plants during photosynthesis and converted into glucose
3. Water: a molecule that is split during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis to release oxygen and electrons
4. ATP (adenosine triphosphate): a molecule that stores and transfers energy within cells
5. NADPH: a molecule that carries high-energy electrons during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis
6. Thylakoid membranes: organelles within chloroplasts where the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis take place
7. Stroma: the fluid-filled space within chloroplasts where the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis (Calvin cycle) occur

Key molecules and organelles of cellular respiration:
1. Glucose: a molecule that is broken down during cellular respiration to release energy
2. Oxygen: a molecule that is used as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain of cellular respiration
3. ATP (adenosine triphosphate): a molecule that is produced as a result of cellular respiration and is used as a source of energy for cellular processes
4. NADH and FADH2: molecules that carry high-energy electrons to the electron transport chain in cellular respiration
5. Mitochondria: organelles where cellular respiration takes place, including the citric acid cycle and electron transport chain
6. Cytoplasm: the fluid-filled space within cells where the initial stages of cellular respiration (glycolysis) occur
7. Inner mitochondrial membrane: the site of the electron transport chain in cellular respiration, where ATP is produced through oxidative phosphorylation.

Photosynthesis

Key Molecules:

- Chlorophyll: Green pigment that absorbs light energy
- Carbon dioxide (CO2): Raw material used for sugar production
- Water (H2O): Breaks down to provide electrons and protons
- Adenosine triphosphate (ATP): Energy currency of the cell
- Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH): Electron carrier
- Glucose: Final product of photosynthesis

Key Organelles:

- Chloroplasts: Contain chlorophyll and other molecules necessary for photosynthesis

Cellular Respiration

Key Molecules:

- Glucose: Primary energy source
- Oxygen (O2): Required for electron transport chain
- ATP: Energy currency of the cell
- Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH): Electron carrier
- FADH2: Electron carrier
- Carbon dioxide (CO2): Waste product

Key Organelles:

- Mitochondria: Primary site of cellular respiration
- Cytoplasm: Contains enzymes involved in glycolysis
- Krebs cycle: Occurs in the mitochondria
- Electron transport chain: Occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane

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