What is Fermentation?

Fermentation is a metabolic process that converts sugar into acids, gases, or alcohol. It occurs in the absence of oxygen and is carried out by microorganisms such as yeast or bacteria. During fermentation, the sugar molecules are broken down into simpler compounds, releasing energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate). This process is commonly used in the production of alcoholic beverages, bread, yogurt, sauerkraut, and other fermented foods.